Abstract
(1) Background. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has a high mortality rate. MiRNAs have been found to be diagnostic biomarkers for NSCLC. However, controversial results exist. We conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic value of miRNAs for NSCLC. (2) Methods. Databases and reference lists were searched. Pooled sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), and area under the curve (AUC) were applied to examine the general diagnostic efficacy, and subgroup analysis was also performed. (3) Results. Pooled SEN, SPE, and AUC were 85%, 88%, and 0.93, respectively, for 71 studies. Multiple miRNAs (AUC: 0.96) obtained higher diagnostic value than single miRNA (AUC: 0.86), and the same result was found for Caucasian population (AUC: 0.97) when compared with Asian (AUC: 0.91) and Caucasian/African population (AUC: 0.92). MiRNA had higher diagnostic efficacy when participants contained both smokers and nonsmokers (AUC is 0.95 for imbalanced group and 0.91 for balanced group) than when containing only smokers (AUC: 0.90). Meanwhile, AUC was 0.91 for both miR-21 and miR-210. (4) Conclusions. Multiple miRNAs such as miR-21 and miR-210 could be used as diagnostic tools for NSCLC, especially for the Caucasian and nonsmoking NSCLC.
Highlights
Lung cancer is the principal cause of cancer-associated deaths among males both in developed and in developing countries, and it has exceeded the breast cancer becoming the major cause of cancer-related deaths in females in the developed countries [1]
A total of 50 studies detected the MicroRNA Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (miRNA) in blood such as the whole blood, plasma, serum, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) [6, 7, 11, 20,21,22,23,24, 26, 29,30,31,32,33,34,35, 37, 39,40,41,42, 44,45,46,47, 49,50,51,52,53,54, 56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64, 66,67,68], while the remaining studies were detected in nonblood samples (7 tissue [5, 25, 28, 55, 68], 1 pleural effusion [43], 12 sputum [12, 14, 18, 19, 27, 36, 38, 48, 65], and 1 BAL [13])
Our analysis showed the pooled SEN was 85%, the pooled SPE was 88%, and the AUC was 0.93, suggesting that miRNAs had pretty high diagnostic value for NSCLC
Summary
Lung cancer is the principal cause of cancer-associated deaths among males both in developed and in developing countries, and it has exceeded the breast cancer becoming the major cause of cancer-related deaths in females in the developed countries [1]. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a major type of lung cancer that is responsible for 85% lung cancerassociated deaths. Smoking has been recognized as a primary environmental risk factor of lung cancer. Only a small number of smokers will develop into lung cancer patients. It is available to isolate the miRNAs from the clinical specimens including the plasma, serum, sputum, and tissue. The miRNAs are increasingly becoming an ideal tool for the detection of NSCLC
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