Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), principally heart disease and stroke, is the leading cause of death for both males and females in developed countries. Aspirin is the most widely used and tested antiplatelet drug in CVD, and it is proven to be the cornerstone of antiplatelet therapy in treatment and prevention of CVD in clinical trials in various populations. In acute coronary syndrome, thrombotic stroke, and Kawasaki's disease, acute use of aspirin can decrease mortality and recurrence of cardiovascular events. As secondary prevention, aspirin is believed to be effective in acute coronary syndrome, stable angina, revascularization, stroke, TIA, and atrial fibrillation. Aspirin may also be used for patients with a high risk of future CVD for primary prevention, but the balance between benefits and the possibility of side effects must be considered.
Highlights
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) continues to be the leading clinical and public health problem in developed countries and increasingly so throughout the world
The International Stroke Trial (IST) [21] and the Chinese Acute Stroke Trial (CAST) [22] together enrolled more than 40,000 patients admitted to hospital within 48 hours of the onset of stroke symptoms, who were randomized within 48 hours of the onset of symptoms to 2 to 4 weeks of daily aspirin therapy (300 mg and 160 mg, resp.) or placebo
The results showed that among these highrisk patients, including acute MI, acute stroke, previous stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA), peripheral arterial disease, atrial fibrillation, antiplatelet therapy reduced the combined outcome of any serious vascular event by about 25%, reduced nonfatal myocardial infarction by about 33%, reduced nonfatal stroke by about 25%, and reduced vascular mortality by about 17%
Summary
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) continues to be the leading clinical and public health problem in developed countries and increasingly so throughout the world. The World Health Organization estimates that CVD will be the leading cause of death and disability worldwide by the year 2020 [1]. Millions of patients worldwide take low-dose aspirin on a daily basis for the treatment and prevention of CVD. Aspirin is the most widely tested antiplatelet drug in randomized trials of treatment and prevention of CVD [2]. Despite being one of the most widely used drugs in the 20th century, the benefits of aspirin in CVD have only relatively recently been recognized. This paper aims to provide clinical practice with a review of the evidence related to the use of aspirin for the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular events
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