Abstract

目的观察利妥昔单抗(RTX)在特发性血栓性血小板减少性紫癜(ITTP)治疗中的价值。方法17例ITTP患者中9例采用RTX+血浆置换+糖皮质激素治疗(RTX组),8例采用血浆置换+糖皮质激素±免疫抑制剂(对照组)。RTX用法为375 mg/m2每周1次连续4次。监测患者血常规、LDH、ADAMTS13活性及抑制物、外周血B淋巴细胞百分比。观察两组患者的血浆置换次数/总量、缓解时间、复发率及不良反应发生情况。结果RTX组、对照组血浆置换次数中位数分别为5(2~8)、6(4~9)次,血浆置换总量中位数分别为9.6(4.0~15.4)、11.2(7.5~14.6)L。RTX组、对照组达到血液学缓解中位时间分别为15(5~20)d、22(7~36)d,达到免疫学缓解中位时间分别为2(2~8)、2(2~4)周。两组患者ADAMTS13活性均在2周后显著回升。RTX组随访期内无复发,对照组4例患者复发。RTX给药前及治疗后1周患者外周血B淋巴细胞百分比差异有统计学意义[(18.39±7.15)%对(2.19±5.11)%,P<0.001], 9个月后逐渐回升,治疗中未观察到RTX相关严重不良反应,但该组1例患者持续免疫学缓解7个月后死于肺部感染。结论RTX联合血浆置换和糖皮质激素治疗ITTP,能快速获得血液学甚至免疫学缓解,降低复发率,不良反应少,但需注意防治感染。

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