Abstract
一氧化氮（nitric oxide,NO）是一种极不稳定的生物自由基,其生成依赖一氧化氮合成酶（nitric oxide synthase,NOS）.1978年Murad等[1]发现,NO可引起血管舒张.1980年Furchgott和Zawadzki[2]发现,血管内皮细胞产生一种未知的物质,可导致平滑肌松弛,这种物质就是NO,但当时被称为“内皮源性舒张因子”.1998年上述三位科学家因发现NO在心血管系统中作为一种信号分子被授予诺贝尔生理学和医学奖.1991年Gustafsson等[3]首次发现NO存在于人的呼出气中.1992年NO被Science杂志命名为“明星分子”.
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