Clinical significance of fasting plasma glucose in patients with normal 50-g glucose challenge test in pregnancy: Is 100 bigger than 92?

Abstract

abstractThe present study aimed to analyse the perinatal outcomes in patients with normal 50-g Glucose Challenge Test but who are considered retrospectively to have gestational diabetes mellitus based on elevated fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels according to recent criteria. The study was conducted between January 2010 and December 2014 to identify patients with FPG values >92 mg/dl and GCT values <130 mg/dl. The patients were divided into two groups: those with FPG values between 92 and 99 mg/dl (Group 1) and those with FPG values >99 mg/dl (Group 2). The rate of obstetric complications was similar in the three groups, except for a higher rate of preeclampsia in Group 2 than in the control group (8.3% versus 3.1%; p = 0.031). The rate of large for gestational age neonates in Group 2 was 15%, which was higher than the rate in Group 1 (5.5%) and control group (7.4%) (p = 0.046 and p = 0.047, respectively). The rate of neonatal intensive care unit admissions in Group 2 was 11.7%, which was higher than the rate in Group 1 (3.1%) and in the control group (2.4%). Our findings indicate that there is a clinically recognisable difference in perinatal outcomes when a threshold of 100 mg/dl is used for FPG instead of 92 mg/dl.