Clinical safety of intravenous immune globulin and freedom from transmission of viral disease

Abstract

Although rare, side-effects have been associated with the administration of iv immune globulins (IVIG). While the clinical presentation may be similar, several different mechanisms account for these adverse reactions. There are those effects in the hypogammaglobulinaemic patient which are probably due to antigen-antibody interaction (so-called inflammatory reactions), those due to spontaneous activation of the complement system (possibly caused by IgG aggregates), those due to true hypersensitivity (for example, hypersensitivity to IgA), and those due to possible contaminants or even stabilizers or preservatives which might have been used. The incidence and nature of clinical side-effects seen in 37 patients who were treated with a native IVIG is shown. In addition, data are provided which support the absence of transmission of human immune deficiency virus in idiopathic thrombocytopenia (ITP) patients, and the agents of non-A, non-B hepatitis in 41 immune-deficient patients having periods of follow-up ranging up to 18 months. Finally, evidence of the inactivation of human immunodeficiency virus during the manufacturing procedure is provided.