Abstract
Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) accounts for a significant proportion of lung cancer and there have been few therapeutic alternatives for recurrent LUSC due to the lack of specific driver molecules. To investigate the prospective role of lncRNAs in the tumorigenesis and progression of LUSC, the aberrantly expressed lncRNAs were calculated based on The Cancer Genome Atlas RNA-seq data. Of 7589 lncRNAs with 504 LUSC cases, 884 lncRNAs were identified as being aberrantly expressed (|log2 fold change| >2 and adjusted P<0.05) by DESeq R. The top 10 lncRNAs with the highest diagnostic value were SFTA1P,LINC00968, LINC00961, LINC01572,RP1-78O14.1, FENDRR, LINC01314,LINC01272, GATA6-AS1, and MIR3945HG. In addition to the significant roles in the carcinogenesis of LUSC, several lncRNAs also played vital parts in the survival and progression of LUSC. SFTA1P, LINC01272, GATA6-AS1 and MIR3945HG were closely related to the survival time of LUSC. Furthermore, LINC01572 and LINC01314 could distinguish the LUSC at early stage from that at advanced stage. The prospective molecular assessment of key lncRNAs showed that a certain series of genes could be involved in the regulation network. Furthermore, the OncoPrint from cBioPortal indicated that 14% (69/501) LUSC cases with genetic alterations could be obtained, including amplification, deep deletion and mRNA upregulation. More interestingly, the cases with genetic alterations had a poorer survival as compared to those without alterations. Overall, the study propounds a potentiality for interpreting the pathogenesis and development of LUSC with lncRNAs, and provides a novel platform for searching for more capable diagnostic biomarkers for LUSC.
Highlights
Lung cancer is the one of the leading causes of cancer deaths in the world
Expressed Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data in Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC)
All the aberrantly expressed lncRNAs were sent for receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and we listed the top 75 lncRNAs obtaining over 0.95 for the area under ROC curve (AUC) (Table 1), which demonstrated that these lncRNAs might play essential roles in the occurrence of LUSC and had high diagnostic value for LUSC patients
Summary
More than 85% are categorized as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), of which lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) accounts for an approximate proportion of 30% [1,2,3,4,5,6]. Different from lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), LUSC starts in squamous cells, which are slim, flat cells from histology, which look like fish scales. The genetic and epigenetic profiles in the process of tumorigenesis and development vary strikingly between LUAD and LUSC [7,8,9,10]. There have been few therapeutic alternatives for recurrent LUSC due to the lack of specific driver molecules or mutations [11,12,13,14,15]. Accurate indicators in the tumorigenesis and development of LUSC are urgently required
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