Clinical response and transfusion reactions of sheep subjected to single homologous blood transfusion.

Rejane Santos Sousa,Raimundo Alves Barrêto Júnior,Clara Satsuki Mori,Janaina Larissa Rodrigues Zaminhan,Francisco Leonardo Costa Oliveira,Carolina Akiko Sato Cabral Araújo,Antonio Humberto Hamad Minervino,Thiago Rocha Moreira,Enrico Lippi Ortolani,Isadora Karolina Freitas Sousa,Frederico Augusto Mazzocca Lopes Rodrigues

doi:10.1155/2014/734397

Abstract

Studies in relation to blood conservation and responses to transfusion are scarce for ruminants. We evaluated the clinical manifestations of sheep that received a single homologous transfusion of whole blood, focusing on transfusion reactions. Eighteen adult sheep were subjected to a single phlebotomy to withdraw 40% of the total blood volume, which was placed into CPDA-1 bags and then divided into G0, animals that received fresh blood, and G15 and G35, animals that received blood stored for 15 or 35 days, respectively. Clinical observations were recorded throughout the transfusion, whereas heart rate, respiratory rate, and rectal temperature were assessed at the following times: 24 hours after phlebotomy and before transfusion; 30 minutes, six, twelve, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours and eight and 16 days after transfusion. All groups presented transfusion reactions, among which hyperthermia was the most frequent (50% of animals). Tachycardia occurred most frequently in the G35 animals (50% of them). During transfusion G35 animals presented more clinical manifestation (P < 0.05). Transfusion of fresh or stored total blood improved the blood volume, but transfusion reactions occurred, demonstrating that a single transfusion of fresh or stored blood can cause inflammatory and febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions in sheep.

Highlights

Studies in the field of hemotherapy for ruminants are scarce, in relation to blood conservation and responses to transfusion
Even through the illnesses that require blood transfusion are known, this therapeutic measure is sometimes used without proper criteria and without considering the potential risks of transfusion reactions [1, 2]
Blood storage is an important evolution in the field of transfusion, stored red blood cells undergo a series of changes known as storage lesions, which tend to become worse with the passage of time [3]

Summary

Introduction

Studies in the field of hemotherapy for ruminants are scarce, in relation to blood conservation and responses to transfusion. Blood storage is an important evolution in the field of transfusion, stored red blood cells undergo a series of changes known as storage lesions, which tend to become worse with the passage of time [3]. The Scientific World Journal plasma hemoglobin, potassium, and lactate, and decreases in blood pH and in the concentrations of sodium, bicarbonate, and glucose. These storage lesions are indicative of loss of quality of the stored blood, which may contribute towards occurrences of post-transfusion reactions [5, 6]. Some reports claim that transfusion reactions in ruminants receiving a single blood transfusion are uncommon, as these animals have low levels of circulating isoantibodies [7, 8]

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Results

Conclusion