Clinical relevance of spectral tissue Doppler-derived E/e′ in older patients with preserved ejection fraction

Abstract

BackgroundThe E/e′ index measured in spectral tissue Doppler is included in the recommendations for the diagnosis by transthoracic Doppler echocardiography of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. While E/e′ is influenced by age in healthy individuals, no studies have evaluated this index in elderly patients. This study addressed the clinical relevance of E/e′ in assessment of left ventricular diastolic function in elderly patients with preserved ejection fraction and its relevance from both a diagnostic and prognostic perspective based on the existing literature. MethodsA total of 76 patients≥70years of age were prospectively included. The analysis of left ventricular diastolic function was adapted from the 2016 ASE/EACVI recommendations without consideration of E/e′. ResultsThe mean age was 85years. In all, 42 patients had moderate-to-severe diastolic dysfunction (elevated left atrial pressure). Mean E/e′ was significantly correlated with diastolic function (r=0.58, P<0.001). Mean E/e′>13.3 had a sensitivity of 86% and a specificity of 91% in the diagnosis of moderate-to-severe diastolic dysfunction (AUC: 0.92). E/(e′xs′) (AUC: 0.89) and NT pro-BNP (AUC: 0.80) did not perform better than E/e′. The existing literature offers large body of evidence that E/e′ provides essential diagnostic and prognostic information in older patients with cardiovascular disease. ConclusionE/e′ is accurate in the diagnosis of significant diastolic dysfunction, in the diagnosis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and in risk stratification in older patients with cardiovascular disease.