Abstract
Background and objectives: Bronchial asthma is a heterogeneous, multifactorial pulmonary disease characterized by variable airway obstruction caused by chronic inflammation. Our study investigates the clinical relevance of MBL plasma levels in accordance with IgE values in children who attended a pediatric consult for respiratory symptoms with bronchial asthma. Materials and Methods: The study population consists of patients <18-years-old and included 43 patients with bronchial asthma and 64 age-matched healthy subjects as a control group. We used the ELISA Human MBL Immunoassay kit and the electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) kit for IgE determination. Results: Our results show significantly different distributions of patients in the bronchial asthma group and control group. The measured values were within the normal range for most controls, while the bronchial asthma patients displayed higher values of plasma MBL and IgE levels. We observed a wider heterogeneity in MBL concentrations in bronchial asthma patients when compared to the healthy age-matched controls. Our results also suggest a potential clinical usefulness of plasma MBL concentrations in accordance with IgE and eosinophil cells levels in the diagnosis of bronchial asthma, and our results may suggest a prognostic role of MBL in the evolution of asthmatic disease; however, further studies are necessary to confirm these findings. Conclusions: We can say that plasma MBL concentrations present a relative diagnostic role for bronchial asthma in pediatric patients and may suggest a more severe disease progression; however, further studies are needed to elucidate the role played by MBL in the determination and evolution of this disease.
Highlights
Bronchial asthma is a heterogeneous, multifactorial pulmonary disease characterized by variable airway obstruction caused by chronic inflammation [1], related to the interaction between the respiratory epithelium, the innate immune system, and the adaptive immunity [2,3]
Our study aimed to investigate the clinical relevance of mannose binding lectin (MBL) plasma levels in accordance with immunoglobulin E (IgE) values in children who attended a pediatric consult for respiratory symptoms with bronchial asthma
Regarding the comorbidities of the patients enrolled in this study, we found that out of the total number of subjects with bronchial asthma (n = 43), 7.24% were diagnosed with allergic-type comorbidities and 2.89% had intellectual disability; the rest of the patients did not present risk factors or comorbidities
Summary
Bronchial asthma is a heterogeneous, multifactorial pulmonary disease characterized by variable airway obstruction caused by chronic inflammation [1], related to the interaction between the respiratory epithelium, the innate immune system, and the adaptive immunity [2,3]. The most important immune factors in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma are the eosinophil cells and the immunoglobulin E (IgE). Eosinophilic cells, which are abundant the airways in most patients with bronchial asthma, are stimulated by factors released from the airway epithelial cells (Th2 cells and mast cells) and express a wide variety of pro-inflammatory cytokines [6]. Another key player in this pathology, IgE, is an antibody secreted by circulating B cells in response to bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms, as well as to substances recognized as non-self or antigens to the immune system. Immunoassay kit and the electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) kit for IgE determination
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