Abstract
Objectives: Heterotopic ossification is a formation of bone at unusual sites. The present study is aimed to observe the ossification of transverse acetabular ligament, obturator membrane and gluteus maximus muscle in hip bones and fibrous capsule of hip joints and ossification of sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments, erector spinae aponeurosis in pelves, and bilateral ankylosis of sacroiliac joints. Methods: The study was performed on 128 dried human hip bones and six pelves of unidentified sex and age, in the Department of Anatomy. An ossified muscles and ligaments of hip and pelvic bones were observed and their measurements were recorded using Vernier calipers. Results: The present study showed the incidence of completely ossified transverse acetabular ligament in four hip bones, that is, 3.12% with completely ossified fibrous capsule of hip joint on the left side. The incidence of bony spurs along the margin of Obturator Foramen in four left hip bones is 6.25% along with the ossification of the gluteus maximus muscle on dorsal aspect of ilium. Out of six pelves, one pelvis presented complete ossification of erector spinae aponeurosis bilaterally on the dorsal surface of the sacrum along with complete ossification of sacrotuberous ligament of the right side and sacrospinous ligament of the left side along with bilateral ankylosed sacroiliac joint of pelvis. Conclusions: The knowledge of these abnormal ossifications of hip bones and pelvis may be of immense help to orthopedicians, surgeons, neurosurgeons, and radiologists to come to differential diagnosis and plan treatment accordingly.
Highlights
The bony pelvis, a large basin-like structure comprising of sacrum, coccyx, and a paired hip bones meant for stabilizing and weight transmission from axial skeleton to the lower limbs while the hip bones connect lower limbs to the pelvic girdle along with pelvic muscles and ligaments meant for stability of the joint compromising range of movement
The present study showed the incidence of completely ossified transverse acetabular ligament in four hip bones, that is, 3.12% with completely ossified fibrous capsule of hip joint on the left side
One pelvis presented complete ossification of erector spinae aponeurosis bilaterally on the dorsal surface of the sacrum along with complete ossification of sacrotuberous ligament of the right side and sacrospinous ligament of the left side along with bilateral ankylosed sacroiliac joint of pelvis. The knowledge of these abnormal ossifications of hip bones and pelvis may be of immense help to orthopedicians, surgeons, neurosurgeons, and radiologists to come to differential diagnosis and plan treatment
Summary
The bony pelvis, a large basin-like structure comprising of sacrum, coccyx, and a paired hip bones meant for stabilizing and weight transmission from axial skeleton to the lower limbs while the hip bones connect lower limbs to the pelvic girdle along with pelvic muscles and ligaments meant for stability of the joint compromising range of movement. Heterotopic ossification is an abnormal healing process after post-traumatic injury of joints and soft tissue where formation of lamellar bone inside soft tissue occurs at the site of inflammation which stimulates osteoprogenitor cells to proliferate as primitive mesenchymal cells in the connective tissue transform into osteoblastic tissues and osteoids [1]. Bone morphogenic protein shows osteoinducive properties of bones described by Marshall Urist, considered as landmark discovery in orthopedic research [3] Many conditions such as ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis, hypertrophic osteoarthritis, and diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis are found in concurrence with heterotopic ossification
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