Abstract
Based on the increasing diversity of Swedish society, health professionals, like occupational therapists, find it challenging to provide culturally competent services to international clients. Consequently, cultural competence among professionals needs to be measured and improved using psychometrically tested instruments. This study examines the clinical relevance, construct validity, and reliability of the Swedish version of the Cultural Competence Assessment Instrument among Swedish occupational therapists. Material and Methods. A randomised sample of 312 Swedish occupational therapists answered a survey based on the Swedish version of the Cultural Competence Assessment Instrument with supplementary questions on the clinical relevance of the instrument. Descriptive statistics were used to examine the clinical relevance of the Swedish version of the Cultural Competence Assessment Instrument. Factor analyses, both exploratory and confirmatory, were run to examine the factor structure. Cronbach's alpha was performed to assess the internal consistency of the instrument. Results. The participants reported that the 24 items had high clinical relevance. The validation yielded a three-factor model: openness and awareness, workplace support, and interaction skills. All three of these factors showed high loadings. Conclusions. The study results indicated positive clinical relevance and psychometric properties for the Swedish version of the Cultural Competence Assessment Instrument and strong support to be utilised in Sweden. The implications of this study are important given the rapid growth in migration over the last few decades. A self-rating instrument measuring cultural competence could support occupational therapists' professional knowledge and development when they interact with international clients. As the tool was originally developed in English in the United States, the feedback from the Swedish version could potentially be useful for the instrument in modified form and for use by occupational therapists in English-speaking countries.
Highlights
Many immigrants face challenging health issues, which puts pressure on the healthcare system to provide culturally relevant interventions [1]
The results indicated positive content validity for the Competence Assessment Instrument (CCAI)-S and its potential to be utilised in the Swedish context
The emphasis of the current study was on instrument development in terms of examining the clinical relevance [14, 15], construct validity, and reliability [21] of the Competence Assessment Instrument-Swedish version (CCAI-S), among a randomised sample of Swedish occupational therapists
Summary
Many immigrants face challenging health issues, which puts pressure on the healthcare system to provide culturally relevant interventions [1]. Occupational therapists and other health professionals need to adapt and meet the changing demands and demographic characteristics of the general population [4]. These health professionals, including occupational therapists, must have the cultural competence to meet the needs of a more diverse group of clients than they are accustomed to dealing with [1]. Given the challenges that practitioners may face in Occupational Therapy International addressing the needs of diverse populations, practitioners may find it useful to have access to tools that enable them to examine their perceived level of cultural competence [5]
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