Clinical-radiological, hematological and biochemical assessment of bone replacement with germanium-doped calcium-phosphate ceramics for fragment fractures of tubular bones in dogs

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Abstract. Among surgical pathology in animals, asignificant share is occupied by various traumatic injuries of the skeleton, the consequence of which are bonefractures. The results of X-ray and biochemical indicators of blood for bone fragment fractures in dogs arepresented.The purpose of the work is to clinically, radiologically, and pathochemically justify bone replacementwith germanium-doped calcium-phosphate ceramicsfor bone fragment fractures in dogs.In the injured animals of the experimental group(n=10), bone defects were replaced with germanium-doped calcium-phosphate ceramics (ГТлГег-700),in the control group (n=10) with unalloyed ceramics(ГТг-700). The activity of total alkaline phosphatase (ALP)and its bone isoenzyme (KiLP), tartrate-resistant acidphosphatase (TrKF) was determined in blood serum.Measurements were made with a Stat Fax 4500 spectrophotometer.On the 60th day, in the animals of the experimentalgroup, the filling of the bone defect with regeneratedmaterial of high X-ray density was noted, with the absence of periosteal reaction, which indicated the complete consolidation of the fracture and was the reasonfor the removal of the means of fixation. In the control,the area of the bone tissue defect that was not filledwith regenerate was visualized.The activity of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRP) in both groups tended to increase. On the 14th day,the animals of the experimental group had a peak activity of TrKf (33.8±0.31), which was 1.3 times (p<0.001)higher than the level in the control group and 1.5 times(p<0.001) of clinically healthy animals, respectively. Onthe 30th day of research, a 1.2-fold (p<0.001) decreasein the level of TrCF was noted in the experimental groupcompared to the control group, in which the indicatorreached peak values at 34.9±0.25 units/l.The maximum activity of the bone isoenzyme alkaline phosphatase (KiLF) in the experimental groupwas observed on the 14th day of reparative osteogenesis and was 41.7±0.43 units/l, which is 1.2 times(p<0.001) higher than the indicator of the controlgroup. On the other hand, in the last group, the peakactivity of the bone isozyme was noted only on the30th day (40.9±0.48 units/l), while the indicator of theexperimental animals decreased dynamically duringthis period.The use of calcium-phosphate ceramics for fragment fractures of the bones of the tibia in dogs helpsto reduce the intensity of the inflammatory-resorptivestage of reparative osteogenesis and accelerates consolidation by 1.4 times. The dynamics of biochemicalmarkers of bone metabolism testifies to the optimizedcourse of reparative osteogenesis during osteoreplacement of bone defects with germanium-doped calcium-phosphate ceramics. Key words: bioceramics, germanium, total alkaline phosphatase, bone isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, bonetissue.