Abstract
Background: Fibro-osseous lesions (FOL) of the jaw represent a rare, benign group of lesions that share similar clinical, radiological, and histopathological features and are characterized by progressive, variable replacement of healthy bone tissue by fibrous connective tissue. Methods: This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the incidence of fibro-osseous lesions and to reassess the efficacy of case-specific treatment management from a clinical, radiological, and histopathological perspective based on 14 years of data. Results: Forty-four patients with a radiological and/or histopathological diagnosis of benign FOLs were identified and re-evaluated. Cemento-osseous dysplasia was the most common group of FOLs present in our patient cohort (45%), followed by ossifying fibroma (39%) and fibrous dysplasia (16%). The diagnostic imaging technique of choice was CBCT (68%), followed by PAN (18%), with most patients (95 %) additionally undergoing biopsy. The mean age of the patients at the time of diagnosis was 40.54 ± 13.7 years, with most lesions being located in the mandible (86%), with females being predominantly affected (73%). Conclusion: An interdisciplinary approach that analyzes all case-specific factors, including demographic data, medical history, intraoperative findings, and, most importantly, histopathological and radiological features, is essential for an accurate diagnosis and key to avoiding inappropriate treatment.
Highlights
Fibro-osseous lesions (FOL) of the oral and maxillofacial region represent a rare, benign group of lesions that share similar clinical, radiological, and histopathological features
The overall incidence of fibro-osseous lesions and the distribution of their different types and subgroups, according to the WHO classification of 2017, were assessed. Parameters such as age and gender of affected patients, imaging modality used for diagnosis (PAN, computed tomography (CT), cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)), presence/absence of histopathological examination, use of resective surgery in which the entire lesion was removed after biopsy as further treatment and why this procedure was indicated, duration of postoperative recall-interval, postoperative complications, and recurrence or malignant transformation of the lesions were evaluated
The diagnostic imaging technique of choice was CBCT (68%), followed by panoramic radiography (PAN) (18%), and both imaging modalities were used in combination in 9% of patients
Summary
Fibro-osseous lesions (FOL) of the oral and maxillofacial region represent a rare, benign group of lesions that share similar clinical, radiological, and histopathological features. They are characterized by progressive, variable replacement of healthy bone tissue in the jaw by fibrous connective tissue containing varying amounts of mineralized substances that include bone, osteoid, and cementum-like material [1,2]. Fibro-osseous lesions (FOL) of the jaw represent a rare, benign group of lesions that share similar clinical, radiological, and histopathological features and are characterized by progressive, variable replacement of healthy bone tissue by fibrous connective tissue. Conclusion: An interdisciplinary approach that analyzes all case-specific factors, including demographic data, medical history, intraoperative findings, and, most importantly, histopathological and radiological features, is essential for an accurate diagnosis and key to avoiding inappropriate treatment
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