Abstract
Despite the lifetimes that increased in breast cancers due to the the early screening programs and new therapeutic strategies, many cases still are being lost due to the metastatic relapses. For this reason, new approaches such as the proteomic techniques have currently become the prime objectives of breast cancer researches. Various omic-based techniques have been applied with increasing success to the molecular characterisation of breast tumours, which have resulted in a more detailed classification scheme and have produced clinical diagnostic tests that have been applied to both the prognosis and the prediction of outcome to the treatment. Implementation of the proteomics-based techniques is also seen as crucial if we are to develop a systems biology approach in the discovery of biomarkers of the early diagnosis, prognosis and prediction of the outcome of the breast cancer therapies. In this review, we discuss the studies that have been conducted thus far, for the discovery of diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarkers, and evaluate the potential of the discriminating proteins identified in this research for clinical use as breast cancer biomarkers.
Highlights
Breast cancer is the most commonly encountered cancer in our country, as it is in the world [1, 2]
In the limited number of in vivo studies performed in this field, it was determined that the kininogen and apolipoprotein A-II decreased in the shock table caused by docetaxel [105], and the structurally undefined surface enhanced laser desorption ionisation (SELDI) peak, determined as 2790 m/z, increased markedly after paclitaxel infusion administered as an adjuvant [106]
The proteomic methods are being used in breast cancer researches and in recent years at an increasing rate
Summary
Breast cancer is the most commonly encountered cancer in our country, as it is in the world [1, 2]. Not withstanding promising progress has been made by the application of the screening programs and the systemic therapies in the breast cancer cases, there are still many patients dying following the metastatic relapse. This fact brings new approaches in breast cancer researches to the agenda. Breast cancer is a complex disease which can gain a more invasive and resistant character by numerous molecular changes that bring about cell proliferation and genetic instability This heterogenity creates different subgroups in molecular level and causes different clinical results and therapeutical responses. The clinical applications of the proteomic methods in breast cancer cases will be evaluated
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