Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to report clinical courses of patients who had mild coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), defined as SpO2 of 96 or higher, and treated with/without casirivimab/imdevimab in Japan, where mortality and number of severe patients were very limited compared to other resource-rich countries.Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study in Toyota Regional Medical Center, Toyota, Japan, from August 31, 2021, to September 27, 2021. We included all patients with COVID-19 who were diagnosed at the hospital’s family medicine department. Our primary outcome was admission to the hospital due to COVID-19 and secondary outcome was mortality due to COVID-19. We compared those who received casirivimab/imdevimab and those who did not.Results: A total of 104 patients were included, of whom 30 received casirivimab/imdevimab and 74 did not receive casirivimab/imdevimab. The mean age of the patients was 47.8 ± 15.6 (standard deviation {SD}) years, 57 (54.8%) patients were male. During a median follow-up period of 12 days (interquartile range: 10-16 days), 19 (18.3%) patients were admitted to the hospital and none died. Patients who received casirivimab/imdevimab had similar rate to admission (p = 0.87). The hazard ratio (HR) of admission tended to be lower for those who received casirivimab/imdevimab (HR: 0.76, 95% confidence interval {CI}: 0.23-2.49, p-value = 0.65), but not statistically significant compared to those who did not, after adjusting for age, gender, risk factors, including obesity.Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that patients with COVID-19 had similar disease progression rates regardless of casirivimab/imdevimab administration.
Highlights
One of the potentially useful treatments for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody products
We reported clinical courses of patients who had mild COVID-19 and were treated with/without casirivimab/imdevimab in Japan, where mortality and number of severe patients were very limited compared to other resource-rich countries
Our study demonstrated that patients with COVID-19 had similar disease progression rates regardless of casirivimab/imdevimab administration, which was inconsistent with recent randomized controlled trials [1,8,9]
Summary
One of the potentially useful treatments for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody products. Following the United States and other COVID-19 pandemic countries, Japan's Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW) has approved Regeneron's casirivimab and imdevimab antibody cocktail to treat patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 [2]. Mortality and number of patients in severe conditions are dramatically different, treatments for COVID-19 are almost consistent globally. These differences are said to come from racial or social habits differences. We reported clinical courses of patients who had mild COVID-19 and were treated with/without casirivimab/imdevimab in Japan, where mortality and number of severe patients were very limited compared to other resource-rich countries
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