Abstract
Epistaxis is bleeding from the Nose and Paranasal sinuses and could be a life threatening emergency requiring urgent attention. The aim is to determine the aetiological factors and highlight treatment modalities in a tertiary hospital in Northwestern Nigeria. This was a 12-year retrospective study of all patients managed with epistaxis between January 2000 and December 2011in the otorhinolaryngology department of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto. Ninety-five patients were reviewed, out of which 61 [64%] were males and 34 [36%] were females. Age group 20-29 years had the highest prevalence [21.1%]. The commonest aetiology was hypertension in 24.2% of patients followed by idiopathic 21.1%, rhinosinusitis 20%, trauma 14.7%. Anterior nasal packing was the most common method of treatment [49.5%]. Epistaxis is a common Otorhinolaryngological condition. Hypertension was the commonest cause in this study, with most cases seen in patients’ aged 20 – 29years.
Highlights
Epistaxis, which is bleeding from the nose, is a common Otorhinolaryngological condition [1,2,3]
Epistaxis has been observed to account for 1 in 200 Emergency Department visits in the United States [6]. It accounted for 1.9% of all ENT cases seen in a tertiary hospital in Sokoto, Northwestern Nigeria over a five-year period1
This study describes the clinical pattern of epistaxis observed in Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital Sokoto from January 2000 to December 2011
Summary
Epistaxis, which is bleeding from the nose, is a common Otorhinolaryngological condition [1,2,3]. Epistaxis has been observed to account for 1 in 200 Emergency Department visits in the United States [6] It accounted for 1.9% of all ENT cases seen in a tertiary hospital in Sokoto, Northwestern Nigeria over a five-year period. The little’s area, which is in the anterior inferior nasal septum, has the kiesselbach plexus formed by the Anterior ethmoidal, Sphenopalatine, Greater palatine and Superior labial arteries [10]. It is a common site of epistaxis. The advent of Hopkins rod telescopes in endoscopic ligation of Sphenopalatine artery has revolutionalised treatment of nasal bleeds with very high success rate [2, 3, 10]
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