Clinical profile of diabetic ketoacidosis in tertiary care hospital of Eastern Nepal.

Abstract

Introduction:Diabetes ketoacidoisis (DKA) is characterized by hyperketonaemia, metabolic acidosis, and hyperglycemia. Aims: The aim of this study was to describe the demographic profile, clinical characterstics of patients admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis in BPKIHS, medical ward.Settings and Design:The hospital based descriptive study.Materials and Methods:We took all the patients admitted with a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) as defined ADA 2006 consensus statement in medical ward from January 2010 to December 2010. The statistical operations was done through Manufactured by IBM Corp.Results:Only sixteen patients (7 type 1 and 9 type 2DM) were with DKA. When compared to the 16 subjects with type 1 DM, the type 2 were older (56.8 s 25.7 years) and had a significantly higher PH levels (7.11 s 7.28 P = 0.04). The mean body mass index was 20.5±2.44 in both Type 1 and type 2 DM. Four were on diet control and Insulin respectively. Five were on oral hypoglycemic agents (OHA) and three on both (insulin and OHA). Infection was most common precipitating factor (56.25%) followed by poor drug compliance (37.5%) and first presentation (6.25%).Conclusions:We found majority of patients were type 2 DM. Metabolic acidosis has significant association in both type of diabetic. We found infection was the most common precipitating factor for DKA.