Clinical profile of anterior uveitis in a tertiary eye care center

Abstract

Background: Anterior uveitis is the inflammation of the anterior uveal tissue that is iris and pars plicata of the ciliary body. Due to varied etiology, detailed history and systematic investigations are needed for accurate diagnosis and management. Aims and Objectives: The aims of this study were to describe the clinical features, causes, and management of patients with acute anterior uveitis. Materials and Methods: A prospective study of clinical features, complication, and prognosis was done on anterior uveitis patients for a period of 10 months. Detailed history, complete ocular examination, systemic evaluation, and relevant investigations were done in 64 patients; appropriate systemic and ocular management were done. Results: Of 64 patients, 65.6% were male and 34.3% female. Mean age of presentation was 42.6 years. About 71.8% unilateral and 28.1% bilateral eye involvement were seen. Visual acuity was between 6/18 and 3/60 at the time of presentation. About 21.8% had tuberculosis, 9.3% had trauma, 4.6% had UTI, 3.1% had ankylosing spondylitis (HLA B27 associated) and 3.1% had rheumatoid arthritis, 3.1% had sarcoidosis, and 1.5% had toxoplasmosis. About 53.1% were idiopathic. Complications were noted in 50% of cases, 25% had secondary glaucoma, 21.8% had posterior subcapsular cataract, and 3.1% has cystoid macular edema. Appropriate medical management was started in patients. Conclusion: Idiopathic uveitis was higher in our study. Trauma was the most common non-infectious entity. Tuberculosis was most common infectious cause in our study, all patients responded well with medication.