Abstract
Introduction: Alcoholic liver disease is a caused as a result of overconsuming alcohol that damages the liver, leading to inflammation, and scarring. It is often fatal with mortality and morbidity worldwide. Many studies in various countries show contradictory results about the role of amount, type and duration of alcohol exposure in determining the risk to develop ALD. This study aims to evaluate clinical profile of ALD in south Indian population and to correlation of disease severity with alcohol intake.
 Material and Methods: A total of 50 patients of ALD were evaluated to correlate their clinical findings, biochemical parameters, prognostic markers (Discriminant function [DF] score, Model for end-stage liver disease [MELD] score and Child-Pugh score) and with their alcohol intake data in form of type, amount and duration of alcohol intake.
 Results: Hepatic encephalopathy, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and all three prognostic scores showed a dose-dependent relation with the amount of alcohol intake (p <0.05). The results showed that the duration of alcohol had a positive impact on the results. NLR correlates well with all prognostic markers (p <0.05 for NLR's Spearman correlation with DF score and Child-Pugh Score), more so with MELD score (p <0.0001); and complications like hepatic encephalopathy and hepato-renal syndrome.
 Conclusion: In this study we conclude that there is significant dose dependent relation of ALD along with its complications, prognostic markers and NLR with the amount, type and duration of alcohol consumption. Although the type of alcohol consumption didn’t have much influence on the results, amount of intake had a correlation with NLR.
Highlights
Alcoholic liver disease is a caused as a result of overconsuming alcohol that damages the liver, leading to inflammation, and scarring
The results of various studies should that South Asian race and female sex are more prone to develop liver disease with lesser alcohol consumption and in shorter duration of time than their counterparts [1], illicitly brewed liquor has been found to be more toxic than licit drinks despite low level of alcohol [2] and an important role is played by the extent of protein calorie malnutrition determining the outcome of Alcoholic liver disease patients [3]
The biochemical findings showed that majority of the study population had anemia (82%), hyperbilirubinemia (81%), elevated transaminase with the mean AST/ALT ratio 2.10 ± 0.8 and leukocytosis (30%).The common complications seen in this study patients was mainly ascites(75%), HRS(hepatorenal syndrome) (32%), hepatic encephalopathy (60%) and gastrointestinal bleeding(55%)
Summary
Alcoholic liver disease is a caused as a result of overconsuming alcohol that damages the liver, leading to inflammation, and scarring. Various studies have given a wide variety result regarding the role of drinking pattern including amount, time duration and type of alcohol in the pathogenesis of disease. In those studies, only a few showed a major dose-dependent effect on the risk of developing Alcoholic liver disease, while others showing a threshold effect. The results of various studies should that South Asian race and female sex are more prone to develop liver disease with lesser alcohol consumption and in shorter duration of time than their counterparts [1], illicitly brewed liquor has been found to be more toxic than licit drinks despite low level of alcohol [2] and an important role is played by the extent of protein calorie malnutrition determining the outcome of Alcoholic liver disease patients [3]
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