Clinical profile and management of nephrolithiasis

Abstract

Nephrolithiasis is the most common chronic kidney condition, after hypertension, and also an ancient one: treatments for patients with stones have been described since the earliest medical texts. It affects over 25% of adults in the India [1], and the prevalence is rising. The fundamental cause for all stones is supersaturation of urine with respect to the stone components; factors affecting solubility include urine volume, pH, and total solute excretion. Calcium stones are the most common, in adults and children, and are associated with several metabolic disorders, the most common of which is idiopathic hypercalciuria. Therapy to prevent stones rests on lowering supersaturation, using both diet and medication. Effective treatment decreases stone recurrence and need for procedures for stone removal. So, this challenging subject is taken up for the present study in which we studied the clinical presentation of Nephrolithiasis at our hospital.” To evaluate age, sex, etiological, epidemiological factors causing nephrolithiasis and to study varied spectrum of clinical manifestations of renal calculi its investigations , management , outcome and complications. This prospective study was conducted on patients admitted to S.B.K.S.M.I.R&C. Dhiraj Hospital Piparia Vadodara. 150 patients with Nephrolithiasis were enrolled for the study.