Clinical profile and comparison of renal insufficiency in obese and non-obese hypertensive patients: A cross-sectional comparative study

Abstract

Renal failure can stem from various conditions, and detecting biomarkers associated with obesity-related disorders is crucial for early identification of the risk of renal failure and timely intervention in obese individuals. Though different studies have depicted a relationship between obesity, metabolic abnormalities and cardiovascular outcomes but there is scarcity of evidence in the Indian population as there are no published data comparing this condition in hypertensive patients with or without excess BMI. Thus, we designed a prospective study to determine the prevalence of renal insufficiency in a tertiary care hospital by correlating various socio demographic and clinical risk factors. A total of 100 subjects were enrolled in the study as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria. We conducted a clinical and biochemical profiling to evaluate renal insufficiency in subjects.: The mean duration of HTN in obese hypertensive patients were 7.50 ± 3.86 years and in non-obese hypertensive patients it was 7.22 ± 4.09 years. The mean systolic blood pressure recorded in obese and non-obese patients was 136.36 ± 12.17 and 138 ± 14.64 mm Hg respectively. Prevalence of renal insufficiency in obese and non-obese patients was found 30% and 20% respectively. We can conclude on the basis of obtained results, hypertension is one of the major risk factors in the development of renal insufficiencies, and the presence of obesity may further increase its prevalence rate of kidney diseases.