Abstract
Clinical profile & visual outcome in ocular chemical injury
Highlights
IntroductionChemical injury to the eye accounts for a significant portion of ocular trauma
Ocular chemical injuriesrepresent one of the true ocular emergencies
Chemical injury can be both from acid and alkali
Summary
Chemical injury to the eye accounts for a significant portion of ocular trauma. Ocular Chemical injuries constitute 7.7% to 18% of all ocular traumas [1,2,3,4]. Chemical exposure to eye results in trauma ranging from mild irritation to severe damage to the ocular surface and anterior segment which can lead to permanent vision loss. Chemical injury can be both from acid and alkali. Common causes of alkali injury included ammonia (NH3), lye (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH), magnesium hydroxide (MgOH2), and lime (CaOH2) [6]. Lime is the most common cause of alkali injury. Ammonia, which is found in household cleaning agents and lye, is associated with the most severe alkali injuries. Sulfuric (H2SO4), sulfurous (H2SO3), hydrofluoric (HF), acetic (CH3COOH), and hydrochloric (HCL) acids are the most common causes of acidic injuries [6]
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