Clinical presentation and outcome of children with hydatid disease: a retrospective cross-sectional study from a tertiary care hospital in eastern India.

Abstract

Clinical presentation of echinococcosis in paediatric population is varied and depends on the site of involvement. The present study was planned to analyse the clinical presentations and therapeutic options for management of echinococcosis in children admitted to a tertiary care hospital. Medical records of children with echinococcosis was reviewed retrospectively over a period of 3year and 6months. Demographic data, clinical presentation, management and outcome data were collected and analysed. During the study period, 14 children with hydatid disease were admitted to the hospital. The frequency was higher in male (71.4%) compared to females (28.6%). Liver was found to be the commonest site for hydatid cyst with 78% of all cases had hydatid cyst localised to liver. In half of all cases liver was the only site of involvement. Both liver and lung were involved in 21.4% cases and one patient (7.1%) had pelvic hydatid cyst in addition to liver involvement. Two patients (14.3%) had only pulmonary involvement and one (7.1%) patient had a hydatid cyst in common bile duct. Right upper abdominal pain was the most common presentation (78.5%) with cyst in liver. Cough, breathing difficulty, jaundice was observed in 28.5%, 21.4% and 7.1% of all patientsrespectively. All children were managed with a combination of surgical and medical therapy. Right upper abdominal pain and chronic cough werethe common clinical presentation of hydatid cyst with hepatic and pulmonary involvement respectively. Presence of such chronic symptoms would raise the clinical suspicion of hydatid disease in endemic regions.