Clinical practice guideline on bladder cancer (Part III)

Abstract

AbstractBladder cancer (BC) has become a significantly prevalent disease in China, with an incidence rate of 5.80 per 100 000 in 2015, ranking it as the thirteenth most common type of cancer within the nation. This illness presents a serious public health concern, highlighting the imperative need to unify the standards for diagnosis and treatment to improve patient outcomes. The section of the clinical practice guideline in question is dedicated to addressing muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) and metastatic BC. The primary treatment strategies for MIBC are well‐defined: preoperative (neoadjuvant) chemotherapy combined with radical cystectomy stands as the conventional treatment protocol. For patients with locally advanced MIBC, integrating systemic and local therapies is advocated to enhance treatment effectiveness. In cases of metastatic BC, the focus shifts to systemic treatment supplemented by supportive care measures. The guideline also succinctly presents the pros and cons of various urinary diversion surgeries, which are critical considerations following radical cystectomy. It provides an in‐depth exploration of the treatment modalities for metastatic urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. Additionally, this part delves into the integrated approach to treatment and the use of radiotherapy in bladder preservation for localized disease. Moreover, it offers a concise overview of the classification, diagnosis, and therapeutic approaches for nonurothelial carcinoma of the bladder. Lastly, this part emphasizes the importance of recommended posttreatment follow‐up for MIBC patients to ensure comprehensive and ongoing care management.