Abstract
目的探讨来自不同家系12例遗传性蛋白C(PC)缺陷症先证者的基因突变类型与临床特征。方法采用发色底物法检测血浆PC活性,酶联免疫吸附法检测PC抗原含量。采用PCR直接测序法分析先证者PROC基因9个外显子及其侧翼序列,对发现的疑似突变用反向(缺失突变用克隆)测序予以验证。结果12例先证者的PC活性均明显下降(18%~55%),其中10例先证者的PC抗原水平显著降低(13%~58%)。共发现11种PROC基因突变,其中c.383G>A(p.Gly128Asp)、c.997G>A(p.Ala291Thr)、c.1318C>T(p.Arg398Cys)和c.532G>C(p.Leu278Pro)4种杂合突变为首次发现;6种突变发生在丝氨酸蛋白酶结构域、4种发生在表皮生长因子同源区域(EGF)、1种突变在EGF和丝氨酸蛋白酶结构域之间的激活肽区域;缺失突变(p.Met364Trp fsX15和p.Lys192del)2种,其余为错义突变。有3例无亲缘关系的先证者检出p.Phe181Val和p.Arg189Trp纯合或杂合突变。所有基因突变可能来自先证者的父亲和(或)母亲,其中2个家系存在近亲婚配。先证者有9例出现静脉血栓形成、2例有不良妊娠表现、1例出现紫癜。结论PROC基因缺陷导致的PC缺陷症患者易发生静脉血栓形成,尤其当同时存在其他易栓因素时。
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