Clinical Pharmacy Activities Documented (ClinPhADoc): Development, Reliability and Acceptability of a Documentation Tool for Community Pharmacists.

Nour Hamada,Olivier Bugnon,Patricia Quintana Bárcena,Karen Alexandra Maes,Jérôme Berger

doi:10.3390/pharmacy7040162

Abstract

Documentation of community pharmacists’ clinical activities, such as the identification and management of drug-related problems (DRPs), is recommended. However, documentation is not systematic in Swiss community pharmacies, and relevant information about DRPs, such as consequences or involved partners, is frequently missing. This study aims to evaluate the interrater and test-retest reliability, appropriateness and acceptability of the Clinical Pharmacy Activities Documented (ClinPhADoc) tool. Ten community pharmacists participated in the study. Interrater reliability coefficients were computed using 24 standardized cases. One month later, test-retest reliability was assessed using 10 standardized cases. To assess the appropriateness, pharmacists were asked to document clinical activities in their own practice using ClinPhADoc. Acceptability was assessed by an online satisfaction survey. Kappa coefficients showing a moderate level of agreement (>0.40) were observed for interrater and test-retest reliability. Pharmacists were able to document 131 clinical activities. The good level of acceptability and brief documentation time (fewer than seven minutes) indicate that ClinPhADoc is well-suited to the community pharmacy setting. To optimize the tool, pharmacists proposed developing an electronic version. These results support the reliability and acceptance of the ClinPhADoc tool.

Highlights

Clinical activities in pharmacies involve pharmacists providing patient care to optimize medication therapy and to promote health, wellness, and disease prevention [1]
After comparison with the remaining tools, the ClinPhADoc was organized into two phases: A (DRP detection) and B
The steps included the following: (1a) three categories of drug-related problems (DRPs); (1b) two possible consequences of clinical DRPs; (2) DRP status; (3) pharmacist’s intervention; and (4) partners who were involved in the clinical decision making alongside the pharmacist

Summary

Introduction

Clinical activities in pharmacies involve pharmacists providing patient care to optimize medication therapy and to promote health, wellness, and disease prevention [1] Among such activities are the identification, prevention, and resolution of drug-related problems (DRPs) [2,3]. Stark et al have estimated that DRPs may have accounted for 816 million euros of health care expenditures over one year in Germany for 2.14 million ambulatory patients; with 80% of expenditures related to hospitalizations [5]. To prevent such consequences, DRP management needs to be optimized

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion