Clinical pharmacology of intraperitoneal cisplatin

Abstract

The clinical pharmacology of cisplatin was determined in six patients with malignant ascites secondary to ovarian cancer, and in one patient with peritoneal mesothelioma, following intraperitoneal administration of cisplatin (25–60 mg/m 2). The drug was administered in 1 liter of normal saline as a 15- to 30-min infusion. Total, and in some patients free (ultrafilterable), platinum concentrations were determined in plasma, urine, and ascitic fluid by flameless atomic absorption spectrometry. The peak total platinum concentrations in ascitic fluid at the end of infusion were related to dose, a 50 mg/m 2 dose producing a 20 to 80 μg cisplatin/ml concentration. Filterable platinum represented between 3 and 59% of total platinum in the peritoneum at 4 to 6.5 hr following its administration. Plasma platinum concentrations ranged between 0.2 to 1.6 μg/ml 4 hr following administration, and reached a plateau for the next 24 to 48 hr largely in the form of protein-bound platinum. The urinary excretion of cisplatin was consistent with variation in absorption from the peritoneum. Minimal gastrointestinal, bone marrow, and renal toxicities during therapy suggest that sustained free platinum concentrations in ascites may be obtained without significant toxicity and support the intraperitoneal route of administration as an effective strategy for cisplatin therapy of intrabdominal malignancies.