Clinical performance of a specific algorithm to reconfirm self-terminating ventricular arrhythmias in current implantable cardioverter-defibrillators

Abstract

Inappropriate shock therapy is a frequent problem in patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs), caused mostly by supraventricular rhythms. Self-terminating ventricular arrhythmias (STVAs), however, may also lead to inappropriate shock discharges even in ICDs with abortive shock capabilities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical performance of a specific ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF) reconfirmation algorithm implemented in current ICD devices from Medtronic to prevent inappropriate shock discharges due to STVAs. A total of 161 STVA episodes were documented in 59 of 150 patients (39%) within a mean follow-up of 30 ± 20 months and resulted in 25 inappropriate shock discharges in 15 of 150 patients (10%) despite activation of the reconfirmation algorithm. The first synchronization interval of the algorithm was met in 92% of STVA episodes with and even 38% of STVA episodes without shock delivery. A reduced incidence of inappropriate shocks due to STVAs was found with tachycardia/fibrillation detection intervals (TDI/FDI) programmed to shorter cycle lengths ≤280 ms or the use of the first 2 cycles after the end of charging to be considered for reconfirmation only. Thus, inappropriate shocks due to STVAs still occur in 10% of patients with ICDs despite activation of a specific VT/VF reconfirmation algorithm, and are mainly caused by meeting the first synchronization interval that therefore should be shortened in cycle length. Moreover, to reduce the likelihood of inappropriate shocks, the VF reconfirmation algorithm should be optimized by basing the synchronization intervals exclusively on the FDI with short cycle lengths or using the first 2 cycles for reconfirmation only.