Clinical Outcomes, Resource Utilization, and Treatment Over the Disease Course of Symptomatic Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in the United States

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We sought to describe the clinical outcomes, resource utilization, and treatment options for patients with symptomatic obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) over the course of their disease. Adults with obstructive HCM who were symptomatic were identified from the IBM MarketScan Commercial and Medicare supplemental database (January 2009 to March 2019). The index date was the initial obstructive HCM diagnosis date. Patients were required to have ≥12-month continuous eligibility before and after the index date. Incidence rates (IRs) and cumulative risk of cardiovascular events, healthcare resource utilization, and pharmacotherapy were assessed after index and compared with matched controls. Among 4,617 eligible patients with obstructive HCM, 2,917 (63.2%, mean age 60, 47.2% women) were symptomatic at index date. The most common cardiovascular events were atrial fibrillation/flutter (IR:1.421 per person-year [PPY], heart failure (IR: 0.895 PPY), and dyspnea (IR:0.797 PPY). Patients incurred higher resource use with frequent tests and monitoring, hospitalizations (0.454 PPY), and emergency room visits (0.611 PPY). The use of pharmacotherapy increased from 61.2% in the 6-month preindex period to 83.9% in the 6-month postindex period and remained stable after diagnosis. These events ranged from 3 to over 60-fold higher compared with controls, with the largest difference observed in arrhythmic events. The majority of patients were symptomatic at the time of obstructive HCM diagnosis, resulting in significantly increased cardiovascular complications and frequent disease monitoring after diagnosis versus controls. In conclusion, healthcare resource utilization was substantial, and these findings suggest a higher clinical and economic burden over the disease course among patients with symptomatic obstructive HCM, despite current treatment.