Clinical Outcomes of Patients Undergoing Kyphoplasty due to Vertebral Compression Fracture: A Retrospective Examination of 52 Patients

Abstract

Objective: Osteoporosis, vertebral colon hemangiomata and metastatic tumors are among the causes of vertebral fractures. When treating vertebral fractures, the patient is rested, analgesic anti-inflammatory therapy and kyphoplasty are performed, and if there is an unstable fracture and/or neurological deficit, spinal cord decompression and stabilization are performed. Kyphoplasty is an effective method in stable fractures of the vertebrae ensuring minimal trauma, short surgical operation time and reduced pain in the early stages. In this study, clinical outcomes of 52 patients who underwent kyphoplasty at the Neurosurgery Clinic of Inonu University due to osteoporosis, vertebral hemangioma and spinal colon metastatic malignancies were discussed and presented along with the literature. Method: In our study, quantitative data are presented with medians (minimums and maximums) or averages (standard deviations), and qualitative data are presented with counts (percentages). The assumption of normality was checked by using the Shapiro-Wilk test. Because the DEXA variable had a normal distribution (p > 0.05), one-way analysis of variance was utilized to analyze the difference between fracture types. The variables of age and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) were not normally distributed (p < 0.05), so the Kruskal Wallis H test was utilized to analyze the differences between fracture types. Pearson’s chi-squared test was used to investigate how fracture sites were related to age groups and gender. p < .05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 52 patients who did not require surgery at the Neurosurgery Clinic of Inonu University but underwent kyphoplasty between January 1, 2010 and April 1, 2020 were included in the study. Of these patients, 45 underwent kyphoplasty due to osteoporotic vertebral fractures, 3 due to vertebral hemangioma, and 4 due to spinal metastasis. All patients were compared in terms of age, gender, fracture sites, DEXA, preoperative VAS scores and VAS scores on day 20. Conclusion: Kyphoplasty is an effective method for the treatment of stable vertebral fractures caused by osteoporosis, spinal metastases and vertebral hemangiomata