Clinical outcomes and maternal associated conditions between antepartum and postpartum-onset of peripartum cardiomyopathy

Abstract

ObjectivePeripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) developed from late pregnancy to five months after delivery. Women with PPCM have the risk of mortality or non-recovered cardiac function. We aimed to investigate women with PPCM in Taiwan. Materials and methodsThe retrospective study recruited patients with PPCM from January 2002 to October 2018 in a tertiary center. We evaluated the presentations, onset, associated conditions, maternal and fetal outcomes, follow-up cardiac function, and subsequent pregnancies. The clinical data were compared between antepartum and postpartum-onset of PPCM. ResultsThirty women were identified and seventeen (56.6%) patients were antepartum-onset. The delivery time, ranged from 26 to 40 weeks, was mostly at 35 weeks. Twenty-one patients had cardiac function follow-up and seven (33.3%) were non-recovered in six months. The associated conditions of PPCM included age >30, primiparity, preeclampsia or hypertension, obesity, twin pregnancy, and tocolysis. The maternal characteristics and associated conditions were not significant different, but early preterm (32.8 ± 3.6 vs. 35.5 ± 2.4 weeks, p = 0.042) and lower Apgar scores in one (7 vs. 9, p = 0.002) and 5 min (9 vs. 10, p = 0.005) were observed in the antepartum-onset group. ConclusionIn conclusion, PPCM commonly occurred around 35 weeks of gestation, ranged from 26 to 40 weeks. Additionally, there were risks of early preterm and low Apgar scores in women with antepartum-onset of PPCM.