Abstract
BackgroundMortality is high among patients with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection. We aimed to determine hospital mortality and the factors associated with it in a cohort of MERS-CoV patients.MethodsWe reviewed hospital records of confirmed cases (detection of virus by polymerase chain reaction from respiratory tract samples) of MERS-CoV patients (n = 63) admitted to Buraidah Central Hospital in Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia between 2014 and 2017. We abstracted data on demography, vital signs, associated conditions presented on admission, pre-existing chronic diseases, treatment, and vital status. Bi-variate comparisons and multiple logistic regressions were the choice of data analyses.ResultsThe mean age was 60 years (SD = 18.2); most patients were male (74.6%) and Saudi citizens (81%). All but two patients were treated with Ribavirin plus Interferon. Hospital mortality was 25.4%. Patients who were admitted with septic shock and/or organ failure were significantly more likely to die than patients who were admitted with pneumonia and/or acute respiratory distress syndrome (OR = 47.9, 95% CI = 3.9, 585.5, p-value 0.002). Age, sex, and presence of chronic conditions were not significantly associated with mortality.ConclusionHospital mortality was 25%; septic shock/organ failure at admittance was a significant predictor of mortality.
Highlights
Mortality is high among patients with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection
The study inclusion criteria were: (1) adult, (2) laboratory-confirmed MERS-CoV infection with PCR detection of the virus in samples taken from the respiratory tract of the patient, and (3) patients admitted to Buraidah Central Hospital (BCH) between 2014 and 2017
This was a novel finding, but the odds ratio that we reported for septic shock/organ failure should be interpreted with caution due to a very small number of patients with that condition (n = 07)
Summary
Mortality is high among patients with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection. The Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection is a recent and fatal disease, detected first in Saudi Arabia, where the majority of cases have so far occurred. It spread through the Arabian Peninsula and into neighbouring Middle Eastern countries before it became a global concern, reaching as far as the Korean Peninsula. A common form of treatment is antiviral drugs that target specific parts of the S protein in MERS-CoV. Multiple RBD-mAbs were found to elicit protective and therapeutic abilities against MERS-CoV infectivity in humanised DPP4 mice and other variants, as well as in rhesus monkeys [8, 11,12,13]
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