Abstract
BackgroundAcquired ImmunoDeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) related illnesses are the leading cause of death in the developing world. However; there is limited evidence regarding the incidence of mortality among admitted HIV patients in Ethiopia.ObjectiveTo determine the incidence of mortality and its predictors among admitted HIV/AIDS patients in selected tertiary care hospitals in Ethiopia.MethodsA prospective cohort study involving 136 admitted HIV/AIDS patients from April 1 to August 31, 2018 was conducted in selected tertiary care hospitals in Ethiopia. Data were collected on socio-demographic, clinical characteristics, and drug related variables. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression were used to compare survival experience of the patients and identify independent predictors of mortality. Hazard ratio was used as a measure of strength of association and p-value of <0.05 was considered to declare statistical significance.ResultsOf 136 patients, 80 (58.8%) were females. The overall in-hospital incidence of mortality was 2.83 per 1000 person-years. The incidences of mortality due to AIDS and non-AIDS related admissions were 6.1 [3.95, 8.67] and 5.3 [3.35, 8.23] per 1000 person-years respectively. The mean ± SD survival times among patients with AIDS and non-AIDS related illnesses were 32 ± 3.1 and 34 ± 3.3 days respectively (log rank p = 0.599). Being on non-invasive ventilation (AHR: 2.99, 95%CI; [1.24, 7.28]; p = 0.015) and having baseline body mass index (BMI) of less than 18.5 (AHR: 2.6, 95%CI; [1.03, 6.45]; p = 0.04) were independent predictors of mortality.ConclusionThe study found high incidence of in-hospital mortality among admitted HIV/AIDS patients in Ethiopian tertiary care hospitals. Being on non-invasive ventilation and body mass index (BMI) of less than 18.5 were found to be independent predictors of mortality.
Highlights
Acquired ImmunoDeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) related illnesses are the leading cause of death in the developing world
Being on non-invasive ventilation (AHR: 2.99, 95%CI; [1.24, 7.28]; p = 0.015) and having baseline body mass index (BMI) of less than 18.5 (AHR: 2.6, 95%CI; [1.03, 6.45]; p = 0.04) were independent predictors of mortality
In sub-Saharan African, about 24.7 million people are living with the virus, making it the most affected region in the world
Summary
Acquired ImmunoDeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) related illnesses are the leading cause of death in the developing world. ; there is limited evidence regarding the incidence of mortality among admitted HIV patients in Ethiopia. Editor: Daniel Boateng, Julius Centre, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, NETHERLANDS
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