Clinical observation for internal and external intravertebral vacuum cleft bone cement injection in treatment of Kümmell disease

Abstract

Objective To discuss bilateral percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) or percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) using inside and outside intravertebral vacuum cleft (IVC) respectively with bone cement injection for the treatment of Kummell disease. Methods From January 2008 to October 2015, 16 cases of Kummell disease patients were treated with bilateral PVP or PKP with inside and outside IVC perfusion of bone cement respectively. Of 16 cases, 6 were male and 10 were female, aged from 63 to 94 years, with a disease duration from 2 to 15 months. The bone mineral density of every patient was measured by dual-energy X-rayabsorptiometry. The T value ranged from-4.3 to-2.6. Fractures located from T10 to L4, including 2 cases of multiple fractures. Postoperative X-ray was used to observe the vertebral bone cement leakage and anterior height changes of affected vertebrae. Visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were used to evaluate pain status and functional activity. Results All cases were followed up for 12-96 months. Cement leakage occurred in 4 patients without nerve complications. The anterior height of affected vertebrae before operation, 2 d after operation and at the last follow-up was (50.3 ± 8.3)%, (67.1 ± 8.1)% and (65.2 ± 6.4)%. The anterior height of affectedvertebrae 2 d after operation and at the last follow-up were significantly improved compared with those before operation (P 0.05). The scores of VAS before operation, 2 d after operation and at the last follow-up was (8.63 ± 1.23), (2.56 ± 3.48) and (1.38 ± 0.92) scores, and the scores of ODI was (82.1 ± 6.7)%, (28.5 ± 7.3)% and (22.1 ± 8.2)%. The scores of VAS and ODI 2 d after operation and at the last follow-up were significantly decreased compared with those before operation (P 0.05). There was no postoperative in situ or adjacent vertebral fracture. Conclusions Using internal and external IVC bone cement injection for treatment of Kummell disease has a good clinical curative effect. It can effectively relieve back pain symptoms, reduce intraoperative and postoperative bone cement leakage and recurrent adjacent or in situ vertebral fracture. Key words: Kummell disease; Osteoporosis; Percutaneous vertebroplasty; Bone cement