Abstract
The dramatic reduction in surgical mortality associated with repair of congenital heart anomalies in recent decades has been accompanied by a growing recognition of adverse neurologic sequelae in some survivors. Central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities may be a function of coexisting brain abnormalities (1, 2) or acquired events unrelated to surgical management (e.g., paradoxical embolus, brain infection, effects of chronic cyanosis) (3), but CNS insults appear to occur most frequently during or immediately after surgery. In particular, support techniques used during neonatal and infant cardiac surgery—cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), profound hypothermia and circulatory arrest—have been implicated as important causes of brain injury. This paper will review the effects of CPB and deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) on neurodevelopmental outcome.KeywordsCardiopulmonary BypassIntelligence QuotientCirculatory ArrestArterial Switch OperationNeonatal SeizureThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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