Abstract
BackgroundTo comprehensively analyze the risk factors, clinical characteristics, outcomes, and prognostic factors of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) enteritis.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study enrolled patients who had undergone pathological examinations for CMV enteritis. They were divided into CMV and non-CMV groups according to immunohistochemistry staining results. The risk factors, clinical presentations, endoscopic features, treatments, outcomes, and prognostic factors of CMV enteritis were then analyzed.ResultsForty-two patients (18 CMV, 24 non-CMV group) were included in the study. Major clinical presentations in the CMV group included gastrointestinal bleeding (72.2%), abdominal pain (55.6%), and fever (33.3%); ulcers (72.2%) were the most common endoscopic findings. In-hospital and overall mortality rates were 27.8% and 38.9%, respectively; and longer hospital stays and higher overall mortality rates were observed. Radiotherapy and C-reactive protein levels were prognostic factors for in-hospital mortality. The risk factors for CMV enteritis included immunocompromised status (p = 0.013), steroid use (p = 0.014), shock (p = 0.031), concurrent pneumonia (p = 0.01), antibiotic exposure (p < 0.001), radiotherapy (p = 0.027), chronic kidney disease (p = 0.041), and CMV colitis (p = 0.031).ConclusionsPhysicians should pay attention to the characteristics of CMV enteritis in high-risk patients to make an early diagnosis and potentially improve the clinical outcome.
Highlights
To comprehensively analyze the risk factors, clinical characteristics, outcomes, and prognostic factors of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) enteritis
Research of small intestinal CMV disease is relatively rare compared to other GI tract CMV diseases possibly due to difficult tissue sampling
Prior studies on CMV enteritis were limited to case reports or small case series that established the diagnosis by serological tests and did not analyze small intestinal CMV disease separately [6,7,8,9,10,11]
Summary
To comprehensively analyze the risk factors, clinical characteristics, outcomes, and prognostic factors of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) enteritis. In the general population [1] It causes subclinical infections and serious tissue invasive diseases. Prior studies on CMV enteritis were limited to case reports or small case series that established the diagnosis by serological tests and did not analyze small intestinal CMV disease separately [6,7,8,9,10,11]. Kusne et al reported 21 episodes of CMV enteritis after intestinal transplantation, but the diagnosis was established by histopathology or virology methods [12]. A literature review of CMV GI diseases in immunocompetent hosts mmons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data
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