Abstract

Abstract Improvements in surgical, anesthetic, and critical care management since the 1990s have led to better outcomes for liver transplant (LT) recipients. Estimated 1-year survival after LT increased from 64% in 1989 to 89% in 2014. Of all transplants performed in the United States, 23% are LTs, and more than 7,000 LTs were performed in 2015. In most medical centers, LT recipients are initially cared for in an intensive care unit (ICU). With changes in the intraoperative surgical and anesthetic management, the typical time and resources required for immediate postoperative care have decreased, allowing for rapid recovery protocols to be instituted in some centers for patients without clinical complications.

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