Abstract
Early recognition of the deteriorating patient and prevention of cardiac arrest is the first link in the Chain of Survival. Once cardiac arrest occurs, fewer than 20% of patients having an in-hospital cardiac arrest will survive to go home. Peri cardiac arrest period is the recognized period, either just before or just after a full cardiac arrest, when the patient’s condition is very unstable and care must be taken to prevent progression or regression into a full cardiac arrest. So all instable patient is at risk of cardiac arrest. A rapid identification of reversible causes of cardiac arrest is crucial for the correct treatment and outcome of these patients. As well to identify precociously the peri cardiac arrest conditions prevents cardiac arrest. Ultrasound seems to be an ideal tool for a rapid diagnosis. The integration of data that can rapidly be obtain from heart, lung, inferior vena cava, abdomen and leg vein examination are often essential for the diagnosis and treatment. The role and potentiality of integrated ultrasound in peri and cardiac arrest are considered in this paper.
Highlights
Accurate assessment and rapid decision-making are essential in critical care medicine
In this paper the role of integrated ultrasound will be focused on conditions of peri cardiac arrest and cardiac arrest
All experts (100%) agreed upon the facts that: 1) basic-level critical care echocardiography and general critical care ultrasound should be a required part of the training of every Intensive Care Unit (ICU) physician 2) advancedlevel critical care echocardiography is an optional component of the training of the ICU physician
Summary
Accurate assessment and rapid decision-making are essential in critical care medicine. Often hemodynamic instability identifies a condition of peri cardiac arrest. The causes of hemodynamic instability or cardiac arrest need a rapid identification and treatment. In critical scenarios diagnoses are often difficult and cannot be made with standard physical examination. Portable ultrasound machines are an ideal tool in critical care setting. A multiple-goal problem-based approach represents the main peculiarity of the emergency ultrasound and may be considered an extension of physical examination. The integration of data obtained from the evaluation of the heart, lung, inferior vena cava, leg vein and abdomen often allow a rapidly diagnosis and immediate start of the correct therapy. In this paper the role of integrated ultrasound will be focused on conditions of peri cardiac arrest and cardiac arrest
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