Clinical implications of PON1 (rs662) and TNF-α (rs1799964) genes polymorphism in patients with coronary artery disease

Abstract

BackgroundCoronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common kind of heart problem, currently became one of the leading causes of death worldwide and is predicted to persist so for the next 20 years. The global risk factors to CAD include atherosclerosis, genetic predisposition, environment and the lifestyle. This study is aimed to find out the genotypic association of PON1 (rs662) and TNF-α (rs1799964) genes with CAD among North Indian populations. A total of 330 subjects including 175 CAD cases and 155 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Single nucleotide polymorphisms were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP) method. χ2 and Student's t-tests were applied for the comparison of alleles and genotype frequencies in cases and controls. Logistic regression analysis was applied to calculate the 95% confidence intervals and odds ratios (OR) for assessing the association of genotype with disease.ResultsThe PON1 gene QQ, QR, RR genotypes frequencies were 36.57%, 50.29%, 13.14% in CAD cases and 60%, 38.71%, 1.29% in controls, respectively. OR for the genotype QQ, QR, RR was 0.38, 1.6, 11.57 (P < 0.001, P = 0.035, P < 0.001). The TNF-α gene CC, CT, TT genotypes frequencies in cases were 4.57%, 50.29%, 45.14% and controls 3.23%, 46.45%, 50.32%, respectively. OR for CC, CT, TT genotype was 1.437, 1.166, 0.812 (P = 0.531, P = 0.487, P = 0.347). We found significant difference in the genotype and allele frequencies of PON1 gene between cases and control, while no significant difference was observed in TNF-α gene between cases and control.ConclusionsThe PON1 (rs662) gene polymorphisms were significantly associated with an elevated risk of CAD, while no significant association was observed with TNF-α (rs1799964) gene polymorphism and the risk of CAD.