Clinical impact of Obstructive Sleep Apnea on Depression in patients with Cystic Fibrosis and non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis patients

Abstract

<b>OBJECTIVE:</b> Bronchiectasis (BE) is a chronic suppurative lung disease that significantly impacts the patients’s mood. The potential impact of poor sleep on depression in BE patients remains largely unstudied. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on depression in Cystic Fibrosis (CF) and non-CF adult BE patients. <b>Methods:</b> In total, 35 CF (27 yrs) and 35 non-CF(24 yrs) BE patients were enrolled in this study. Demographics, dyspnea score, BMI, lung function, sputum cultures, exacerbations, and hospitalisations were recorded. All of the participants underwent Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) assessment and Polysomnography (PSG). Depression was examined by using Zung depression scale. <b>Results:</b> In all study participants, OSA was diagnosed in 37 (53%), (19 with CF and 18 with non-CF) and depression was diagnosed in 40 (57%), (20 with CF and 20 with non-CF) of patients. Female patients had higher risk for depression than male patients (67% vs 33 %, respectively, p:0.022). Depression risk was not different between patients with OSA and those without OSA (54% vs 61%, respectively, p:0.580). However, patients with depression had greater ESS when compared with those without depression (5.2±3.8 vs 3.1 ±2.8, p:0.009), and Zung depression scores correlated with ESS (r=0.361, p:0.002) in all patients. There was no statistically significant difference between Zung scales of CF and non-CF BE patients (40.5±12.3 vs 42.9±10.0, respectively, p:0.369). <b>Conclusion:</b> These results emphasize the importance of identifying excessive daytime sleepiness as a significant determinant of depression in CF and non-CF BE patients.