Abstract
Objective: This was a retrospective study to evaluate the clinical impact of bacteremia due to Staphylococcus saprophyticus and identify which factors influence it. Methods: We reviewed all patients with bacteremia due to S. saprophyticus over the last 12 years. This study was performed at Jichi Medical University Hospital in Japan, a key hospital in the northern Kanto area including Tochigi, Gunma, Ibagagi, and northern Saitama prefectures. We retrospectively reviewed the blood culture results and medical records of all patients with a history of visits or hospitalizations between April 2008 and September 2020. Results: During the study period, 4 blood culture specimens were considered to have S. saprophyticus bacteremia. Two of these were from subjects > 60 years old who had severe infection. A third case, 27 years old, was thought to have a catheter-related bloodstream infection; however, the only symptom was fever, which was not serious. The fourth case, a previously unreported pediatric patient, had non-severe fever. The mean time for a diagnosis of bacteremia by blood culture testing was 42 hours, whereas contamination appeared in cultures after another 50 hours. Conclusion: The pathogenicity of S. saprophyticus might be lower in the blood than in the urine due to its physiological function and activity. In older adults with underlying diseases, the severity of bacteremia was more pronounced, whereas in a young adult and a child, the disease was relatively mild. Age and underlying disease might be useful factors to consider when diagnosing bacteremia due to S. saprophyticus.
Highlights
Staphylococcus saprophyticus, a Gram-positive, novobiocin-resistant, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, is a frequent causative microorganism of acute urinary tract infections in women, accounting for up to 42.3% of such infections in women aged 16 - 25 years [1]
We retrospectively reviewed the blood culture results and medical records of all patients with a history of visits or hospitalizations between April 2008 and September 2020
S. saprophyticus blood isolates were considered significant if 2 separate blood cultures were positive and if systemic inflammatory response syndrome was present without any alternate explanation; that is, patients had to have had at least 2 or more of the following 4 criteria: 1) body temperature of >38 ̊C or 90 beats per minute, 3) respiratory rate of >20 breaths per minute, and 4) peripheral white blood cell count of >12,000/mm3 or 10% immature neutrophils (“bands”) [8] [9]
Summary
Staphylococcus saprophyticus, a Gram-positive, novobiocin-resistant, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, is a frequent causative microorganism of acute urinary tract infections in women, accounting for up to 42.3% of such infections in women aged 16 - 25 years [1]. Only a few cases of S. saprophyticus bacteremia including endocarditis have been reported [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]. The clinical impact of bacteremia caused by S. saprophyticus in patients without indwelling medical devices or in patients who are not immunosuppressed is unclear. We report accumulated cases of bacteremia related to S. saprophyticus and retrospectively evaluate the patient’s background and the clinical virulence among patients who developed bacteremia due to S. saprophyticus as determined from the data of patients diagnosed in our hospital. There have been no previously reported cases in children under 10 years of age. This study was approved by the ethics committee of our hospital (approval number: 20-098)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
