Clinical Identification and Treatment of Aortic Dissection with Pericardial Effusion Before Intravenous Thrombolysis

Abstract

To detect aortic dissection complicated with pericardial effusion in time before intravenous thrombolysis, to avoid iatrogenic damage and get the rescue time. Methods: The data of 2 patients with aortic dissection complicated by pericardial effusion who entered the stroke greenway in our hospital in 2022 were collected. The literature on the diagnosis and treatment of aortic dissection and cardiac tamponade were reviewed. Results: The clinical features of aortic dissection complicated with pericardial effusion were sudden onset, rapid progression, and high risk of death. The chest CT scan showed linear high-density shadows in the aorta, enlarged cardiac shadows, and pericardial effusion. Echocardiography supported the diagnosis. Conclusion: Neurological deficit is a common complication of aortic dissection, including disturbance of consciousness, and intravenous thrombolysis is not suitable. Chest CT scan and bedside color Doppler ultrasound are important methods to quickly identify aortic dissection and pericardial effusion. Reasonable emergency pericardiocentesis can obtain valuable time for surgical treatment.