Abstract
Background and Aim:Mycoplasma infection in small ruminants is a serious problem in sheep and goat herds around the world. It is responsible for high economic losses and decreased animal productivity. This study aimed to highlight the clinical, histopathological, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and molecular characterization of Mycoplasma species in sheep and goats in Menoufiya Governorate, Egypt.Materials and Methods:A total of 234 samples were collected; 104 samples were collected from pneumonic lung tissues from the abattoir, in addition, 10 and 20 samples collected from apparently and diseased sheep, respectively, and 40 and 60 samples were collected from apparently and diseased goats, respectively, which were subjected to isolation onto pleuropneumonia-like organism medium. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), histopathological examination, and determination of the MIC were also performed.Results:Of 104 samples of lung tissues showing pneumonic lesions, 56 (53.84%) were positive for Mycoplasma isolation. The positive isolation of Mycoplasma from 10 and 20 samples from apparently and diseased sheep was 30% and 40%, respectively as well as the positive isolation of Mycoplasma was 17% and 56.66% out of 40 and 60 apparently healthy and diseased field goat’s cases, respectively. All the diseased sheep and goats showed respiratory manifestations, including cough, bilateral nasal discharge, conjunctivitis, and systemic reaction. Evaluation of the MIC for Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae revealed that lincospectin and tylosin were the most effective antibiotics at 2.5 mg/mL. Histopathological examination of affected lung tissue showed extensive hemorrhagic pneumonia with extensive alveolar hemorrhage. The PCR technique proved to be a rapid, specific, and sensitive method for the detection of M. ovipneumoniae and Mycoplasma arginini at 390 and 326 bp, respectively.Conclusion:M. ovipneumoniae and M. arginini were the most prevalent species associated with respiratory infections in sheep and goats in the study area. Further studies are needed to investigate the role of these species in dissemination of the disease within herds of small ruminants.
Highlights
Respiratory syndromes are commonly encountered in sheep and goat populations
This study emphasizes that M. ovipneumoniae and Mycoplasma arginini were the most prevalent species associated with respiratory infections in sheep and goats in Giza and El-Menoufiya Governorate, Egypt, as well as reporting the crucial role of Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for rapid and specific detection of Mycoplasma species
The results showed that M. ovipneumoniae isolates were more sensitive to lincospectin at a concentration of 100/50 and tylosin 100% in vitro
Summary
Respiratory syndromes are commonly encountered in sheep and goat populations. They are often caused by multifactorial agents, including infectious agents, such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites, as well as predisposing management factors, such as stress and climatic factors that lead to significant losses [1,2]. Serotypes are associated with various pathological complications in small ruminants, including respiratory signs, causing major losses, especially in African countries and Egypt [3,4]. Mycoplasma infection in small ruminants is a serious problem in sheep and goat herds around the world. It is responsible for high economic losses and decreased animal productivity. This study aimed to highlight the clinical, histopathological, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and molecular characterization of Mycoplasma species in sheep and goats in Menoufiya Governorate, Egypt
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