Clinical features of SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 infection in children with cystic fibrosis (CF): A Qatari experience

Abstract

<b>Introduction:</b> SARS-CoV-2 in children with CF has been reported to cause mild illness in the absence of pre-existing severe lung disease. In this review, we aim to describe the clinical presentation and course of COVID-19 infection in CF population in Qatar. <b>Methods:</b> Our Pediatric CF registry (51 patients) was reviewed for COVID-19 cases from February 2020 to 2022. Demographics, vaccination status, symptoms and course were reviewed. Data were expressed as median (Range) and frequencies. <b>Results:</b> Eight patients with CF &lt; 18 years of age had COVID-19 infection based on positive PCR in 6/8 or antigen in 2/8 of the cases. Incidence of COVID-19 in our CF population was 15.7%. Median age was 11 (2-18) years. Four were males. Seven patients were pancreatic sufficient (I1234V mutation). Median baseline FEV1%predicted was 91 (78-107)%. None had received CFTR modulators or underwent lung transplant. Three patients were vaccinated prior to their infections; two of them were asymptomatic. Six patients had cough and flu-like symptoms; three of them had concurrent fever. None reported dyspnea, hemoptysis, myalgia or gastrointestinal symptoms. Two patients were hospitalized due to pulmonary exacerbation, both had mild CF-lung disease. None required respiratory support. Three patients required oral antibiotics. <b>Conclusion:</b> We report a favorable outcome in COVID-19 infection in children with CF that is comparable to the published study (Bain R et al. Journal of Cystic Fibrosis, 2020.11.021). Our findings may be related to our unique milder CFTR mutation; precautionary measures; awareness and vaccination campaigns.&nbsp;Nevertheless, vaccinations and maintaining precautionary measures remain essential.