Clinical features of neurologic disturbances in patients with multiple sclerosis and acute acute disseminated encephalomielitis in the aspect of comorbidity

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a degenerative disease of the nervous system, whose pathological mechanisms are based on the progressive demyelinating lesion, primarily the CNS.The objective: to determine the nature of neurologic symptoms in MS patients and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), to clarify their characteristics in terms of comorbidity.Materials and methods. In a neurological examination of 216 MS patients with different course forms, we scored a score of FS1–FS7 (FS – Functional System scale according to J. Kurtzke, 1983), the level of disability (EDSS) was determined.Results. Symptoms associated with pyramidal, cerebellar function disorders, sensitivity, cerebral functions were the most frequent symptoms in the examined MS patients, whereas the most common symptoms in the examined patients with the consequences of the ADEM were those associated with disorders of the brainstem and cranial nerves, pyramidal, cerebellar, cerebral functions.Conclusions. In patients with ADEM, under conditions of a monophasic course of the disease, the comorbidity is not as pronounced as in MS, especially with prolonged course.