Clinical Features of Central Serous Chorioretinopathy With Type 1 Choroidal Neovascularization

Abstract

To evaluate the type 1 choroidal neovascularization (CNV) incidence and associated factors in eyes with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). Retrospective case series. Records of 363 eyes (324 patients) with CSC were reviewed. Age, sex, CSC type, choroidal vascular hyperpermeability (CVH), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), subfoveal choroidal thickness (SCT), and systemic hypertension (HT) were assessed and compared between subjects with and without neovascular CSC. We identified 219 and 144 eyes with chronic and acute CSC, respectively. The mean participant age was 55.2 ± 12.0 years, and 58 (15.6%) eyes had neovascular CSC. Age (no CNV: 54.8 ± 12.1 years, CNV: 57.3 ± 10.9 years; P= .118) and SCT (no CNV: 388.0 ± 104.5μm, CNV: 377.4 ± 108.9μm; P= .487) were comparable between eyes with and without CNV. However, BCVA (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) was significantly worse in subjects with CNV (0.28 ± 0.33 [20/38] vs 0.15 ± 0.29 [20/28]; P= .014). Neovascular CSC occurred more often in women (72 [23.6%] vs 20 [34.5%], P= .099) and in cases of chronic CSC (171 [56.1%] vs 48 [82.8%], P < .001), CVH (205 [67.2%] vs 58 [100%], P < .001), and HT (91 [29.8%] vs 24 [41.4%], P= .092). Chronic CSC (P= .001), female sex (P= .075), and poor BCVA (P= .091) were associated with neovascular CSC (multiple regression). Chronic CSC, female sex, CVH, and poor BCVA are risk factors for CNV in eyes with CSC.