Clinical features in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 complicated with pituitary adenoma

Abstract

Objective To investigate the occurrence of pituitary adenoma and its clinical features in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1). Methods Clinical features of patients with 92 MEN 1 complicated with pituitary adenoma treated at the Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 1985 to December 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. Results In 92 patients, 65 (70.7%) with MEN 1 were diagnosed as having pituitary adenoma, including 39 (60.0%) with functional pituitary adenoma, 23 (35.4%) with non-functional pituitary adenoma, and 3 (4.6%) with unknown function of pituitary adenoma. In patients with MEN 1, the ratio of female involvement in pituitary adenomas was 75.9% (41/54) and that of male was 63.0%(24/38). There was no significant difference (P=0.275). The mean onset age of the functional pituitary adenomas was 34.3±11.3 years, and the most common type was prolactinomas (48.7%, 19/39), followed by the mixed pituitary adenomas (25.6%, 10/39), adrenocorticotropic hormone adenomas (15.4%, 6/39), and somatotrophinomas (10.3%, 4/39). In the non-functional pituitary adenomas, the ratio of microadenomas was 60.9% (14/23). It was higher than 34.8% (8/23) of the macroadenomas. Conclusions The MEN 1 patients often have pituitary adenomas, so patients with suspected MEN 1 should routinely conduct pituitary dynamic enhanced MRI examinations, and patients with pituitary adenoma should be alert to the possible combination of MEN 1 and should pay attention to screening. Key words: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1; Pituitary adenoma; Disease attributes