Abstract
Objective: The objective of the present study was to report the incidence of skeletal-related events (SREs) and identify risk factors for SREs in patients with genitourinary cancer with newly diagnosed bone metastasis. Methods: This retrospective study included 180 patients with bone metastasis from prostate cancer (PCa; n = 111), renal cell carcinoma (RCC; n = 43), and urothelial carcinoma (UC; n = 26). Clinical factors at the time of diagnosis of bone metastasis were evaluated with Cox proportional hazards regression analysis to identify independent risk factors for SREs. Results: During follow-up, 29 (26%) patients with PCa, 30 (70%) with RCC, and 15 (58%) with UC developed SREs. Treatment with bone-modifying agents (BMAs) before the development of SREs and within 6 months from the diagnosis of bone metastasis significantly delayed the time to first SRE as compared to nonuse of BMAs. Multivariate analysis identified type of primary cancer (PCa vs. RCC, PCa vs. UC), performance status, and bone pain as significant independent predictive risk factors for SREs. Conclusions: Treatment with BMAs significantly delayed the development of first SREs. The identified predictors of SREs might be useful to select patients who would benefit most from early treatment with BMAs.
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