Abstract

目的 探讨平滑脑畸形的临床特征及其致病基因检测的意义,并对相关文献进行复习。 方法 分析2例平滑脑畸形患儿的临床表现、实验室检查,对常见导致平滑脑的致病基因LIS1、DCX以及TUBA1A进行测序分析。 结果 例1,男,1个月因早产、呼吸窘迫入院,反应差,皮肤轻微发绀,头颅磁共振成像(MRI)提示平滑脑畸形,脑发育不良;血液串联质谱提示多种酰基肉碱降低;心脏彩超示卵圆孔未闭或房间隔缺损。随访过程中患儿有癫痫发作。患儿致病基因检测发现DCX基因存在c.383G>A(R128H)突变。例2,男,4个月9 d,因间断抽搐入院,脑电图提示异常婴儿脑电图、高度失律并检测到孤立或成串痉挛发作,患儿诊断为婴儿痉挛;头颅MRI提示平滑脑,大脑发育不良;基因检测提示患儿LIS1基因存在剪接突变IVS3-2A>G,患儿父母未见突变,且该突变未见报道。 结论 平滑脑畸形患儿可能共患癫痫,基因突变可能是导致患儿平滑脑畸形的原因,LIS1基因IVS3-2A>G突变为国内外未见报道的新突变。

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